Does Bipolar Disorder Get Worse with Age?

Disclaimer: This article is for informational and educational purposes only, and does not replace expert medical or mental health advice. Bipolar disorder requires a comprehensive psychiatric and physical evaluation. So, always refer to a board-certified physician or mental health specialist for a proper diagnosis and treatment. In case of emergencies, call 9-1-1 in the U.S. or your local emergency number immediately.

Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by extreme shifts in mood - from the highs (manic/hypomanic episodes) to the lows (depressive episodes). It is a chronic condition that affects an estimated 37 million worldwide. One question that may weigh heavily on a person who faces this condition is - “Does bipolar disorder get worse with age?” In this article, we will explore the relationship between bipolar disorder and aging, and what are the steps you can take to protect your mental health and well-being.

The relationship between bipolar disorder and aging can be found in when the symptoms begin to appear, how severe they are, and how they can affect your overall health and well-being.

Typically, this mood condition is diagnosed early - between the teenage years and the early twenties. However, it can also be diagnosed between 30 and 35 years of age and beyond as well.

When bipolar disorder is diagnosed at an older age - there is a decreased presence of manic episodes, so depressive symptoms can show up more often. In fact, it can also present with cognitive deficits, impaired psychosocial functioning, and a greater risk of premature death.

While bipolar disorder is a chronic condition, some experts have also suggested that it can be a progressive condition - meaning, it can worsen with aging. Some of the complications that come with older age bipolar disorder are:

• Frequency of Episodes: As a person ages, they can experience a greater frequency of mood episodes.
• Severity of Episodes: With age, the intensity and severity of the mood episodes can also become worse.
• Prolonged Periods of Depression: Manic and hypomanic episodes decrease with age, so depressive symptoms can become more frequent and predominant.

Several factors can make bipolar disorder mood episodes and symptoms worse with aging, such as:

• Stress: As stress management can become difficult with aging, ongoing stress can worsen manic or depressive episodes.
• Adverse Life Experiences: Painful or traumatic experiences like loss and other major life changes can impact bipolar episodes and symptoms.
• Sleep: Poor sleep quality can contribute to more severe mood episodes.
• Hormonal Changes: Shifts in hormones related to pregnancy, menopause, and other conditions can impact bipolar symptoms.
• Other Health Conditions: Comorbid physical and mental health conditions, such as anxiety or chronic illnesses, can sometimes make bipolar symptoms harder to manage.

Bipolar disorder is chronic and progressive, but consistent treatment can make it more manageable.

Some of the ways to manage bipolar disorder at an older age are:

• Medication: Mood stabilizers and antipsychotics remain the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder. Anti-depressants are used more cautiously.
• Behavioral Therapies: Behavioral therapies are used in combination with medication for greater efficacy. Cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy remain the most widely used therapies for bipolar disorder.
• Couples and Family Support: Psychoeducation and couples/family therapy can be used to create a supportive home environment and give your loved ones the tools to better understand and support you.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Lifestyle factors such as nutrition, exercise, sleep, meditation, mindfulness, stress management, and creative expression can help you better manage bipolar disorder.

If you are concerned about someone you care about who may be struggling with bipolar disorder, approaching them with empathy can make a significant difference:

• Begin a Conversation: Create a safe setting for them where you can have a two-way conversation. Share your concerns gently, without judgment.
• Be Open: Communication can happen only when it is two-way. Listen to them; let them know you are there for them.
• Encourage Seeking Care: Encourage your loved one to seek care by reaching out to licensed and trained mental health specialists who can meet them where they are.
• Encourage a Healthy Lifestyle: Encourage a healthy diet, sleep, exercise, stress management, and treatment adherence.
• Be Prepared for Crisis: If they may be at risk of harming themselves or others, contact 9-1-1 in the U.S. or your local emergency number right away.

If you face resistance or defensiveness, know that this is common. Do not get frustrated. Broach the topic at a later time, share your observations, and avoid any judgment or confrontation. Every conversation you have will encourage your loved one to take a step forward in the right direction.

If you or a loved one is experiencing older age bipolar disorder, we can understand how challenging it can be. However, a step forward in your healing journey can be to seek clarity regarding the care options available to you.

Seeking the care you need and deserve for bipolar disorder does not mean disrupting or putting your life on hold. Structured outpatient care options like partial hospitalization programs and intensive outpatient programs can offer both intensive care and flexibility to get treatment while also maintaining your daily life.

Call (323) 307-7997.

Can untreated bipolar disorder lead to faster symptom progression over time?

Without treatment, untreated symptoms and episodes can become worse and difficult to manage over time.

Is bipolar disorder harder to diagnose in older adults?

As bipolar disorder symptoms can overlap with major depressive disorder, borderline personality disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder, a diagnosis can become more complex with age.

Do older adults with bipolar disorder need treatment adjustments over time?

As bipolar disorder symptoms can vary, treatment may need to be adjusted as health needs, medications, and symptoms change with age.

Can loneliness or social isolation worsen bipolar symptoms in older age?

Loneliness and social isolation can contribute to stress, anxiety, and emotional instability, so bipolar symptoms can get worse with older age.

Can bipolar disorder increase the risk of dementia or memory problems?

Some studies indicate that older adults with bipolar disorder may experience cognitive decline, making dementia and other memory problems a risk.